top of page
fire.png

REFERENCES

  1. The White House. Ending America’s Opioid Crisis. The White House https://www.whitehouse.gov/opioids/.
     

  2. Carlos P, Melissa C. Prescription of opioids for acute pain in opioid naïve patients. Date. 2019;2019.​
     

  3. Hocking G, Cousins MJ. Ketamine in chronic pain management: an evidence-based review. Anesth Analg. 2003;97(6):1730-1739.​
     

  4. Noppers I, Niesters M, Aarts L, Smith T, Sarton E, Dahan A. Ketamine for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11(14):2417-2429. doi:10.1517/14656566.2010.515978​
     

  5. Rigo FK, Trevisan G, Godoy MC, et al. Management of Neuropathic Chronic Pain with Methadone Combined with Ketamine: A Randomized, Double Blind, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial. Pain Physician. 2017;20(3):207-215.​
     

  6. Rabben T, Skjelbred P, Oye I. Prolonged analgesic effect of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor inhibitor, in patients with chronic pain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999;289(2):1060-1066.​
     

  7. Minoda Y, Yoshimine K, Nagata E, Sakamoto M, Takehara A, Kanmura Y. [Postoperative pain management using subcutaneous fentanyl and ketamine after abdominal gynecologic surgery]. Masui. 2005;54(10):1125-1128.​
     

  8. Bhattacharya A, Gurnani A, Sharma PK, Sethi AK. Subcutaneous infusion of ketamine and morphine for relief of postoperative pain: a double-blind comparative study. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1994;23(4):456-459.​
     

  9. Bristow A, Orlikowski C. Subcutaneous ketamine analgesia: postoperative analgesia using subcutaneous infusions of ketamine and morphine. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1989;71(1):64-66.​
     

  10. Gurnani A, Sharma PK, Rautela RS, Bhattacharya A. Analgesia for acute musculoskeletal trauma: low-dose subcutaneous infusion of ketamine. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1996;24(1):32-36.​
     

  11. Motov S, Rockoff B, Cohen V, et al. Intravenous Subdissociative-Dose Ketamine Versus Morphine for Analgesia in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2015;66(3):222-229.e1. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.03.004​
     

  12. Sveticic G, Eichenberger U, Curatolo M. Safety of mixture of morphine with ketamine for postoperative patient-controlled analgesia: an audit with 1026 patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005;49(6):870-875. doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2005.00740.
     

  13. Kannan TR, Saxena A, Bhatnagar S, Barry A. Oral ketamine as an adjuvant to oral morphine for neuropathic pain in cancer patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002;23(1):60-65.
     

  14. Beaudoin FL, Lin C, Guan W, Merchant RC. Low-dose ketamine improves pain relief in patients receiving intravenous opioids for acute pain in the emergency department: results of a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Acad Emerg Med Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med. 2014;21(11):1193-1202. doi:10.1111/acem.12510​
     

  15. Miller JP, Schauer SG, Ganem VJ, Bebarta VS. Low-dose ketamine vs morphine for acute pain in the ED: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2015;33(3):402-408. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2014.12.058​
     

  16. Subramaniam K, Subramaniam B, Steinbrook RA. Ketamine as adjuvant analgesic to opioids: a quantitative and qualitative systematic review. Anesth Analg. 2004;99(2):482-495, table of contents. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000118109.12855.07​
     

  17. Bell RF, Dahl JB, Moore RA, Kalso E. Peri-operative ketamine for acute post-operative pain: a quantitative and qualitative systematic review (Cochrane review). Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005;49(10):1405-1428. doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2005.00814.x
     

  18. Campbell-Fleming JM, Williams A. The use of ketamine as adjuvant therapy to control severe pain. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2008;12(1):102-107. doi:10.1188/08.CJON.102-107​
     

  19. Zekry O, Gibson SB, Aggarwal A. Subanesthetic, Subcutaneous Ketamine Infusion Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Nonmalignant Pain. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2016;30(2):91-98. doi:10.3109/15360288.2016.1161690​
     

  20. Chizh BA. Low dose ketamine: a therapeutic and research tool to explore N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated plasticity in pain pathways. J Psychopharmacol Oxf Engl. 2007;21(3):259-271. doi:10.1177/0269881105062484​
     

  21. Richebé P, Rivat C, Rivalan B, Maurette P, Simonnet G. [Low doses ketamine: antihyperalgesic drug, non-analgesic]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2005;24(11-12):1349-1359. doi:10.1016/j.annfar.2005.07.069​
     

  22. Jørum E, Warncke T, Stubhaug A. Cold allodynia and hyperalgesia in neuropathic pain: the effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine--a double-blind, cross-over comparison with alfentanil and placebo. Pain. 2003;101(3):229-235.​
     

  23. Anderson P. Ketamine for Chronic Pain on the Rise. Medscape. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/878159#vp_3. Published May 25, 2018.​
     

  24. Brummett CM, Waljee JF, Goesling J, et al. New Persistent Opioid Use After Minor and Major Surgical Procedures in US Adults. JAMA Surg. 2017;152(6):e170504. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0504​
     

bottom of page